Smith et al. 2021, Socioeconomic inequalities in parkrun participation

Longitudinal ecological study of parkrun in England, 2010 to 2019. The mean distance to the nearest event fell from 34.1 km to 4.6 km as the network grew, yet participation kept a persistent socioeconomic gradient: after an early narrowing it remained higher from less deprived areas and stable through to 2019. Strong evidence that geographic access alone does not close the participation gap. Strong.